Cefuroxime: What it treats and how to use it

Cefuroxime is a cephalosporin antibiotic used for common infections: bronchitis, sinusitis, ear infections, skin infections, and some urinary tract infections. It comes as an oral tablet or liquid (cefuroxime axetil) and as an injection in hospitals. It kills bacteria by stopping their cell walls from forming.

How to take cefuroxime

Take oral cefuroxime with food to help your body absorb it. For adults, typical outpatient doses are 250–500 mg twice daily. More serious infections or IV forms may use higher doses—your prescriber will set that. For children, dosing is usually based on weight (often around 30–60 mg/kg per day, divided), so follow the pediatrician’s instructions exactly.

Finish the full course even if you feel better after a few days. Stopping early can let the infection come back and encourages resistance. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s almost time for the next one—don’t double up.

Side effects and warnings

Common side effects include upset stomach, diarrhea, nausea, and mild rash. A more serious risk is allergic reaction—if you get hives, swelling of the face or throat, or trouble breathing, seek emergency care. Persistent or bloody diarrhea could signal C. difficile infection; call your doctor fast.

If you have a penicillin allergy, tell your doctor—there is some cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins, though many people tolerate cefuroxime fine. People with kidney problems may need lower doses. Let your provider know all medicines you take: probenecid can raise cefuroxime levels, and some antibiotics can affect hormonal birth control.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: cefuroxime is commonly used in pregnancy when needed, but always check with your clinician. Small amounts pass into breast milk; most providers consider it acceptable, but confirm with your doctor or pharmacist.

Storage: keep tablets and unopened bottles at room temperature. Reconstituted liquid may need refrigeration—check the label and discard leftover suspension after the time recommended on the bottle.

When to call a doctor: high fever, worsening symptoms, new rash, signs of jaundice (yellow skin or eyes), severe diarrhea, or any breathing difficulties. Also call if symptoms don’t improve within 48–72 hours or if you develop repeated infections.

Want to know more? Ask your pharmacist for a leaflet or talk to your prescriber about specific dosing, interactions, and monitoring. This guide gives practical basics, but your healthcare team will tailor treatment to your situation.